Grammar
Tense: Futur – Grammar in use
1st Part
Grammar in use
2nd Part
Form
3rd Part
To be
4th Part
Drills
1st Part
Grammar in use
- Topic :
– To be going to / present + bv-ING
– Modal Will- won’t/ modal Shall
– To be to / Present simple
– Will be +bv- ING - Skills : Grammar
Use
ENONCIATION : PRESENT
IMPORTANT: il n’existe PAS de TEMPS FUTUR en anglais.
L’avenir s’exprime par des formes différentes, ce qui rend l’expression de cet avenir plus complexe, plus nuancé qu’en français
| FOCUS ON | ACTIONS |
|---|---|
| Immediate future – action/event which is certain to happen Certitude que quelque chose va se produire étant donné ce que je sais, ce que je vois, ce qui est prévu…. | To BE GOING TO – PRESENT BV- ING Look ! It’s going to rain. (futur immédiat) Il va pleuvoir, (je vois les nuages etc, c’est prévu par la météo…) PRESENT BV- ING I am having dinner at the restaurant tonight. |
| Future action – Intentions Avenir, intentions, prédictions Correspond au futur simple français More or less like the French Futur Simple Future Activity Accent mis sur l’ACTIVITE FUTURE (projection dans l’avenir) | WILL (won’t- f.négative) + Base Verbale He will spend / he’ll spend two weeks in Jersey next summer.. They will stay (they’ll stay) n London for two years and then, they will (they’ll) move. I won’t rent a car again. It’s too expensive. WILL BE + VB- ING Future activity They will be playing the match at Wembley next month! Can you imagine! |
| SHALL (shan’t) is used to express obligation or interdiction.(n.form) SHALL est utilisé pour marquer la contrainte particulièrement dans les lois, les engagements, les prophéties |
You shall not kill (tu ne tueras point) : Bible Candidates shall remain in their seats until the end of the test. (ne quitteront pas leurs sièges …) |
| Action or event which has been planned in advance and is certain to happen (official events, train schedules etc….) Pour parler de quelque chose de programmé, planifié, prévu à l’avance : un horaire, un évènement …(comme en français…) | TO BE TO The Prime Minister is to address the nation tomorrow at 8 p.m. The train is to arrive at 10 o’clock. It leaves at 5.30. PRESENT SIMPLE The meeting starts at 10. (la réunion commence à dix heures) |
| Time makers + Present simple Time markers in time clauses are not followed by will, although they express a project/ an action which is to take place in the future (translated in French by the future ). Après les conjonctions de temps dans des propositions temporelles, c’est le présent qui est utilisé (là où le français utilise un futur simple). | WHEN- AS SOON AS– AS LONG AS- + Present simple When I am 64 (The Beatles ) …quand j’aurai 64 ans. As soon as you arrive, we will leave for our country house. (dès que vous arriverez…) |
| Expressions to talk about the future: Périphrases exprimant le futur: TO BE ABOUT TO : immediate future – futur proche To BE BOUND TO / TO BE LIKELY TO : very strong probability- très forte probabilité, idée de l’inévitable. TO BE SURE (to happen) – TO BE CERTAIN (to happen): certitude |
We were about to leave when he arrived. She’s bound to come back sooner or later. The team is likely to win. They are certain / sure to be delayed. |
Adverbs and phrases used with the Present perfect
| Tomorrow/ the day after tomorrow | By Monday, Tuesday etc… | In the future |
| Next week, summer, year…. | In the next few days , months, years etc…. | later |
| The following years, days… | Over the next few years … | Soon |